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  </a></div> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>基础</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/vuepress-theme-vdoing-doc/pages/a3137a/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">OGC标准函数</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/vuepress-theme-vdoing-doc/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>空间聚合</span></li><li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>基础</span></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><div title="作者" class="author iconfont icon-touxiang" data-v-06225672><a href="https://gitee.com/wenlongjia" target="_blank" title="作者" class="beLink" data-v-06225672>Insist</a></div> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2023-05-19</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><img src="">OGC标准函数<!----></h1> <div class="page-slot page-slot-top">
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  </div> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><h3 id="ogc标准函数"><a href="#ogc标准函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> OGC标准函数</h3> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/spatial-operator-functions.html

https://www.jianshu.com/p/4b9d22406bce
1. OGC标准函数

管理函数：
添加几何字段 AddGeometryColumn(, , , , , )
删除几何字段 DropGeometryColumn(, , )
检查数据库几何字段并在geometry_columns中归档 Probe_Geometry_Columns()
给几何对象设置空间参考（在通过一个范围做空间查询时常用） ST_SetSRID(geometry, integer)

几何对象关系函数：
获取两个几何对象间的距离 ST_Distance(geometry, geometry)
如果两个几何对象间距离在给定值范围内，则返回TRUE ST_DWithin(geometry, geometry, float)
判断两个几何对象是否相等
（比如LINESTRING(0 0, 2 2)和LINESTRING(0 0, 1 1, 2 2)是相同的几何对象） ST_Equals(geometry, geometry)
判断两个几何对象是否分离 ST_Disjoint(geometry, geometry)
判断两个几何对象是否相交 ST_Intersects(geometry, geometry)
判断两个几何对象的边缘是否接触 ST_Touches(geometry, geometry)
判断两个几何对象是否互相穿过 ST_Crosses(geometry, geometry)
判断A是否被B包含 ST_Within(geometry A, geometry B)
判断两个几何对象是否是重叠 ST_Overlaps(geometry, geometry)
判断A是否包含B ST_Contains(geometry A, geometry B)
判断A是否覆盖 B ST_Covers(geometry A, geometry B)
判断A是否被B所覆盖 ST_CoveredBy(geometry A, geometry B)
通过DE-9IM 矩阵判断两个几何对象的关系是否成立 ST_Relate(geometry, geometry, intersectionPatternMatrix)
获得两个几何对象的关系（DE-9IM矩阵） ST_Relate(geometry, geometry)

几何对象处理函数：
获取几何对象的中心 ST_Centroid(geometry)
面积量测 ST_Area(geometry)
长度量测 ST_Length(geometry)
返回曲面上的一个点 ST_PointOnSurface(geometry)
获取边界 ST_Boundary(geometry)
获取缓冲后的几何对象 ST_Buffer(geometry, double, [integer])
获取多几何对象的外接对象 ST_ConvexHull(geometry)
获取两个几何对象相交的部分 ST_Intersection(geometry, geometry)
将经度小于0的值加360使所有经度值在0-360间 ST_Shift_Longitude(geometry)
获取两个几何对象不相交的部分（A、B可互换） ST_SymDifference(geometry A, geometry B)
从A去除和B相交的部分后返回 ST_Difference(geometry A, geometry B)
返回两个几何对象的合并结果 ST_Union(x,x)
返回一系列几何对象的合并结果 ST_Union(geometry set)
用较少的内存和较长的时间完成合并操作，结果和ST_Union相同 ST_MemUnion(geometry set)

几何对象存取函数：
获取几何对象的WKT描述 ST_AsText(geometry)
获取几何对象的WKB描述 ST_AsBinary(geometry)
获取几何对象的空间参考ID ST_SRID(geometry)
获取几何对象的维数 ST_Dimension(geometry)
获取几何对象的边界范围 ST_Envelope(geometry)
判断几何对象是否为空 ST_IsEmpty(geometry)
判断几何对象是否不包含特殊点（比如自相交） ST_IsSimple(geometry)
判断几何对象是否闭合 ST_IsClosed(geometry)
判断曲线是否闭合并且不包含特殊点 ST_IsRing(geometry)
获取多几何对象中的对象个数 ST_NumGeometries(geometry)
获取多几何对象中第N个对象 ST_GeometryN(geometry,int)
获取几何对象中的点个数 ST_NumPoints(geometry)
获取几何对象的第N个点 ST_PointN(geometry,integer)
获取多边形的外边缘 ST_ExteriorRing(geometry)
获取多边形内边界个数 ST_NumInteriorRings(geometry)
同上 ST_NumInteriorRing(geometry)
获取多边形的第N个内边界 ST_InteriorRingN(geometry,integer)
获取线的终点 ST_EndPoint(geometry)
获取线的起始点 ST_StartPoint(geometry)
获取几何对象的类型 GeometryType(geometry)
类似上，但是不检查M值，即POINTM对象会被判断为point ST_GeometryType(geometry)
获取点的X坐标 ST_X(geometry)
获取点的Y坐标 ST_Y(geometry)
获取点的Z坐标 ST_Z(geometry)
获取点的M值 ST_M(geometry)

几何对象构造函数：
参考语义：
Text：WKT
WKB：WKB
Geom:Geometry
M:Multi
Bd:BuildArea
Coll:Collection ST_GeomFromText(text,[])

ST_PointFromText(text,[])
ST_LineFromText(text,[])
ST_LinestringFromText(text,[])
ST_PolyFromText(text,[])
ST_PolygonFromText(text,[])
ST_MPointFromText(text,[])
ST_MLineFromText(text,[])
ST_MPolyFromText(text,[])
ST_GeomCollFromText(text,[])
ST_GeomFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_GeometryFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_PointFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_LineFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_LinestringFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_PolyFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_PolygonFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_MPointFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_MLineFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_MPolyFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_GeomCollFromWKB(bytea,[])
ST_BdPolyFromText(text WKT, integer SRID)
ST_BdMPolyFromText(text WKT, integer SRID)
 2. PostGIS扩展函数

管理函数：

删除一个空间表（包括geometry_columns中的记录） DropGeometryTable([], )
更新空间表的空间参考 UpdateGeometrySRID([], , , )
更新空间表的统计信息 update_geometry_stats([, ])

参考语义：
Geos：GEOS库
Jts：JTS库
Proj：PROJ4库 postgis_version()

postgis_lib_version()
postgis_lib_build_date()
postgis_script_build_date()
postgis_scripts_installed()
postgis_scripts_released()
postgis_geos_version()
postgis_jts_version()
postgis_proj_version()
postgis_uses_stats()
postgis_full_version()

几何操作符：

A范围=B范围 A = B
A范围覆盖B范围或A范围在B范围左侧 A &amp;amp;&amp;lt;&gt; B
A范围在B范围左侧 A &amp;lt;&amp;lt;&gt;&gt; B
A范围覆盖B范围或A范围在B范围下方 A &amp;amp;&amp;lt;| B A范围覆盖B范围或A范围在B范围上方 A |&amp;amp;&gt; B
A范围在B范围下方 A &amp;lt;&amp;lt;| B A范围在B范围上方 A |&gt;&gt; B
A=B A ~= B
A范围被B范围包含 A @ B
A范围包含B范围 A ~ B
A范围覆盖B范围 A &amp;amp;&amp;amp; B

几何量测函数：

量测面积 ST_Area(geometry)
根据经纬度点计算在地球曲面上的距离，单位米，地球半径取值6370986米 ST_distance_sphere(point, point)
类似上，使用指定的地球椭球参数 ST_distance_spheroid(point, point, spheroid)
量测2D对象长度 ST_length2d(geometry)
量测3D对象长度 ST_length3d(geometry)
根据经纬度对象计算在地球曲面上的长度 ST_length_spheroid(geometry,spheroid)
ST_length3d_spheroid(geometry,spheroid)
量测两个对象间距离 ST_distance(geometry, geometry)
量测两条线之间的最大距离 ST_max_distance(linestring,linestring)
量测2D对象的周长 ST_perimeter(geometry)
ST_perimeter2d(geometry)
量测3D对象的周长 ST_perimeter3d(geometry)
量测两点构成的方位角，单位弧度 ST_azimuth(geometry, geometry)

几何对象输出：
参考语义：
NDR：Little Endian
XDR：big-endian
HEXEWKB：Canonical
SVG：SVG 格式
GML：GML 格式
KML：KML 格式
GeoJson：GeoJson 格式

ST_AsBinary(geometry,{'NDR'|'XDR'})
ST_AsEWKT(geometry)
ST_AsEWKB(geometry, {'NDR'|'XDR'})
ST_AsHEXEWKB(geometry, {'NDR'|'XDR'})
ST_AsSVG(geometry, [rel], [precision])
ST_AsGML([version], geometry, [precision])
ST_AsKML([version], geometry, [precision])
ST_AsGeoJson([version], geometry, [precision], [options])

几何对象创建：

参考语义：
Dump：转储 ST_GeomFromEWKT(text)

ST_GeomFromEWKB(bytea)
ST_MakePoint(, , [], [])
ST_MakePointM(, , )
ST_MakeBox2D(, )
ST_MakeBox3D(, )
ST_MakeLine(geometry set)
ST_MakeLine(geometry, geometry)
ST_LineFromMultiPoint(multipoint)
ST_MakePolygon(linestring, [linestring[]])
ST_BuildArea(geometry)
ST_Polygonize(geometry set)
ST_Collect(geometry set)
ST_Collect(geometry, geometry)
ST_Dump(geometry)
ST_DumpRings(geometry)

几何对象编辑：

给几何对象添加一个边界，会使查询速度加快 ST_AddBBOX(geometry)
删除几何对象的边界 ST_DropBBOX(geometry)
添加、删除、设置点 ST_AddPoint(linestring, point, [])
ST_RemovePoint(linestring, offset)
ST_SetPoint(linestring, N, point)
几何对象类型转换 ST_Force_collection(geometry)
ST_Force_2d(geometry)
ST_Force_3dz(geometry), ST_Force_3d(geometry),
ST_Force_3dm(geometry)
ST_Force_4d(geometry)
ST_Multi(geometry)
将几何对象转化到指定空间参考 ST_Transform(geometry,integer)
对3D几何对象作仿射变化 ST_Affine(geometry, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8)
对2D几何对象作仿射变化 ST_Affine(geometry, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8, float8)
对几何对象作偏移 ST_Translate(geometry, float8, float8, float8)
对几何对象作缩放 ST_Scale(geometry, float8, float8, float8)
对3D几何对象作旋转 ST_RotateZ(geometry, float8)
ST_RotateX(geometry, float8)
ST_RotateY(geometry, float8)
对2D对象作偏移和缩放 ST_TransScale(geometry, float8, float8, float8, float8)
反转 ST_Reverse(geometry)
转化到右手定则 ST_ForceRHR(geometry)
参考IsSimple函数
使用Douglas-Peuker算法 ST_Simplify(geometry, tolerance)
ST_SimplifyPreserveTopology(geometry, tolerance)
讲几何对象顶点捕捉到网格 ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, originX, originY, sizeX, sizeY)
ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, sizeX, sizeY), ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, size)
第二个参数为点，指定原点坐标 ST_SnapToGrid(geometry, geometry, sizeX, sizeY, sizeZ, sizeM)
分段 ST_Segmentize(geometry, maxlength)
合并为线 ST_LineMerge(geometry)

线性参考：

根据location（0-1）获得该位置的点 ST_line_interpolate_point(linestring, location)
获取一段线 ST_line_substring(linestring, start, end)
根据点获取location（0-1） ST_line_locate_point(LineString, Point)
根据量测值获得几何对象 ST_locate_along_measure(geometry, float8)
根据量测值区间获得几何对象集合 ST_locate_between_measures(geometry, float8, float8)

杂项功能函数：
几何对象的摘要 ST_Summary(geometry)
几何对象的边界 ST_box2d(geometry)
ST_box3d(geometry)
多个几何对象的边界 ST_extent(geometry set)
0=2d, 1=3dm, 2=3dz, 3=4d ST_zmflag(geometry)
是否包含Bounding Box ST_HasBBOX(geometry)
几何对象的维数：2、3、4 ST_ndims(geometry)
子对象的个数 ST_nrings(geometry)
ST_npoints(geometry)
对象是否验证成功 ST_isvalid(geometry)
扩大几何对象 ST_expand(geometry, float)
计算一个空间表的边界范围 ST_estimated_extent([schema], table, geocolumn)
获得空间参考 ST_find_srid(, , )
几何对象使用的内存大小，单位byte ST_mem_size(geometry)
点是否在圆上 ST_point_inside_circle(,,,)
获取边界的X、Y、Z ST_XMin(box3d)
ST_YMin(box3d)
ST_ZMin(box3d)
ST_XMax(box3d)
ST_YMax(box3d)
ST_ZMax(box3d)
构造一个几何对象的数组 ST_Accum(geometry set)

长事务支持：
启用/关闭长事务支持，重复调用无副作用 EnableLongTransactions()
DisableLongTransactions()
检查对行的update和delete操作是否已授权 CheckAuth([],
 
, )
锁定行 LockRow([],
 
, , , [])
解锁行 UnlockRows()
在当前事务中添加授权ID AddAuth()

其它还有SQL-MM和ArcSDE样式的函数支持，可以参考http://postgis.refractions.net/documentation/manual-1.3/ch06.html#id2750611，这里就不详细列了。
 
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